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OT Security Framework

Disclaimer: This repository is an educational and indicative resource. It does not constitute legal, regulatory, or technical advice. Content marked sourceType: "constructed-indicative" has not been verified against official sources. Always refer to authoritative standards bodies and seek professional counsel for compliance decisions.

A structured, open-access knowledge base for Operational Technology (OT) cybersecurity — covering international standards, compliance requirements, frameworks, audit evidence, and recommendations.

Primary Standard: IEC 62443 (paraphrased) Malaysia Focus: NACSA Act 854 cross-referenced throughout Audience: OT security engineers, GRC practitioners, auditors, NCII-designated operators


Important Notice

This resource is for educational and indicative purposes only. It does not constitute legal or technical advice. IEC 62443 content is paraphrased from the standard — obtain normative text from iec.ch. NACSA Act 854 references are indicative — verify against official Gazette text. All content marked sourceType: "constructed-indicative" has not been verified against official sources.


What This Repository Covers

Layer Content
Standards IEC 62443 series overview, all 51 SRs with SL 1-4 descriptions, NIST SP 800-82, MITRE ATT&CK for ICS (66 techniques)
Architecture Purdue model, zones and conduits, IDMZ pattern, asset types
Requirements 13 security domains with detailed requirements, SL mapping, NACSA obligations
Controls 25 controls with maturity levels and NACSA/NIST CSF mappings
Evidence 36 audit evidence items across 13 domains — what auditors look for, common gaps, how to verify
Threats 7 threat actor profiles, 5 known incidents (Stuxnet, TRITON, Ukraine, Colonial Pipeline, Oldsmar) mapped to preventive controls
Risk Management OT/ICS risk methodology, 5x5 safety-weighted matrix, 20-risk register, 18-item assessment checklist, treatment options
Sectors 6 OT-focused sectors (energy, water, oil & gas, transport, manufacturing, building automation) — with NACSA NCII obligations
Cross-References IEC 62443 ↔ NACSA Act 854, NIST CSF 2.0, NIST SP 800-82, MITRE ICS ↔ controls, sector ↔ NACSA codes of practice

Technical Architecture

This repository follows the GRC Portfolio v2.0 Standardized Schema, optimized for machine-readability and dynamic SPA rendering.

The Compliance Chain

Data is structured to maintain a strict bidirectional mapping: IEC 62443 Requirement (SR) $\leftrightarrow$ OT Security Control $\leftrightarrow$ Audit Evidence $\leftrightarrow$ Artifact Template

Data Layers

  • Controls (/controls/library.json): 25 OT-specific controls mapped to the Purdue Model using the unified schema.
  • Evidence (/evidence/index.json): Mapped to 51 System Requirements (SRs) and 7 Foundational Requirements (FRs).
  • Standards: Comprehensive data for IEC 62443-3-3, NIST 800-82, and NACSA Section 26.

Consistency & Style

  • Naming: Kebab-case slugs; safety-weighted risk levels.
  • Scoring: Standardized 5x5 Likelihood/Impact risk matrix.
  • Audit Ready: FAT/SAT security checklists included in the templates.

Repository Structure

OT-Security/
├── index.html                          # Single-page application entry point
├── app.js                              # Application logic and rendering
├── style.css                           # Styles and CSS variables
├── validate.js                         # Data validation script (11 checks)
├── architecture/
│   ├── asset-types.json                # OT asset type definitions
│   ├── purdue-model.json               # Purdue model levels 0-5
│   └── zones-conduits.json             # Zone and conduit definitions
├── artifacts/
│   └── inventory.json                  # 31 audit artifacts with controlSlugs
├── controls/
│   ├── domains.json                    # 13 security domains
│   └── library.json                    # 25 controls with maturity levels
├── cross-references/
│   ├── iec62443-to-nacsa.json          # IEC 62443 ↔ NACSA Act 854
│   ├── iec62443-to-nist80082.json      # IEC 62443 ↔ NIST SP 800-82
│   ├── iec62443-to-nist-csf.json       # IEC 62443 ↔ NIST CSF 2.0
│   ├── mitre-to-controls.json          # MITRE ATT&CK ICS ↔ controls
│   └── sector-to-nacsa-cop.json        # Sectors ↔ NACSA codes of practice
├── evidence/
│   └── index.json                      # Evidence items per domain (36 items across 13 domains)
├── requirements/
│   ├── index.json                      # Domain index (13 domains)
│   └── by-domain/                      # Per-domain requirement files
│       ├── asset-inventory.json
│       ├── backup-recovery.json
│       ├── configuration-management.json
│       ├── data-protection.json
│       ├── identity-access-management.json
│       ├── incident-detection-response.json
│       ├── monitoring-logging.json
│       ├── network-segmentation.json
│       ├── patch-vulnerability-management.json
│       ├── physical-security.json
│       ├── remote-access.json
│       ├── safety-system-security.json
│       └── supply-chain.json
├── risk-management/
│   ├── checklist.json                  # Assessment checklist
│   ├── methodology.json               # Risk methodology
│   ├── risk-matrix.json               # 5x5 safety-weighted matrix
│   ├── risk-register.json             # 20 OT/ICS risks
│   └── treatment-options.json         # Treatment strategies
├── sectors/
│   ├── index.json                      # 6 OT-focused NACSA NCII sectors
│   └── requirements/                   # Sector-specific requirements
│       ├── building-automation.json
│       ├── energy.json
│       ├── manufacturing.json
│       ├── oil-gas.json
│       ├── transport.json
│       └── water.json
├── standards/
│   ├── iec62443/
│   │   ├── index.json                  # IEC 62443 series overview
│   │   ├── foundational-requirements.json  # 7 FRs
│   │   ├── security-levels.json        # SL 1-4 definitions
│   │   └── system-requirements.json    # 51 SRs with SL descriptions
│   ├── mitre-attack-ics/
│   │   ├── index.json                  # MITRE ATT&CK for ICS overview
│   │   └── techniques.json             # ICS techniques
│   └── nist-800-82/
│       └── index.json                  # NIST SP 800-82 Rev 3 overview
└── threats/
    ├── known-incidents.json            # Stuxnet, TRITON, Ukraine, etc.
    └── threat-actors.json              # OT threat actor profiles

Features

  • IEC 62443 full SR coverage (51 SRs across 7 FRs with SL 1-4 descriptions)
  • 25 controls across 13 security domains with maturity levels
  • 36 evidence items across all 13 domains with audit guidance (whatGoodLooksLike, commonGaps)
  • 31 audit artifacts with control-slug mapping
  • 20 OT/ICS risks across 7 categories with 5x5 safety-weighted risk matrix
  • 66 MITRE ATT&CK for ICS techniques mapped to defensive controls
  • 5 cross-reference files (NACSA, NIST CSF 2.0, NIST SP 800-82, MITRE ICS, sector COPs)
  • 6 sector-specific requirement files (energy, water, oil & gas, transport, manufacturing, building automation)
  • Audit Package UI on control detail views (artifacts + evidence checklist)
  • Risk Management section (methodology, matrix, register, checklist, treatment options)
  • Dark mode toggle
  • Data validation script (validate.js — 11 checks)
  • CC-BY-4.0 license

NACSA Act 854 Integration

For Malaysian NCII-designated OT operators:

Act 854 Obligation OT Security Framework Response
s17 — NCII designation Asset inventory (SR-7.8) defines NCII asset scope
s18 — Security measures IEC 62443 SL 2 minimum; SL 3 for critical assets
s21 — Risk assessment IEC 62443-3-2 zone-based risk assessment methodology
s22 — Code of practice Sector COP mapping in cross-references/sector-to-nacsa-cop.json
s23 — Security audit IEC 62443-3-3 SL assessment by NACSA-licensed auditor
s26 — Incident notification 6-hour notification procedure in requirements/by-domain/incident-detection-response.json

See full mapping: cross-references/iec62443-to-nacsa.json


Quick Reference: Security Levels

SL Label Threat Malaysia Context
SL 1 Basic Casual/opportunistic Non-NCII OT environments
SL 2 Enhanced Motivated, generic IT skills NCII baseline for most OT sectors
SL 3 Advanced OT-expert attacker High-criticality NCII assets (TNB transmission, major water works)
SL 4 Critical Nation-state, SIS-targeting Safety Instrumented Systems — ALL sectors

Key Incidents Referenced

Incident Year Impact Key Lesson
Stuxnet 2010 1,000 centrifuges destroyed USB hygiene; PLC program integrity
TRITON/TRISIS 2017 SIS nearly disabled — near mass casualty SIS must be physically isolated
Ukraine Power Grid 2015/2016 230,000+ customers without power IT/OT separation; OT monitoring
Colonial Pipeline 2021 6-day fuel crisis MFA on remote access is not optional
Oldsmar Water 2021 Near-chemical contamination Input validation; setpoint limits

Standards Referenced

  • IEC 62443 — Security for Industrial Automation and Control Systems (paraphrased; obtain from iec.ch)
  • NIST SP 800-82 Rev 3 — Guide to OT Security (public domain; nvlpubs.nist.gov)
  • MITRE ATT&CK for ICS — OT adversary tactics and techniques (public; attack.mitre.org/matrices/ics)
  • NIST CSF 2.0 — Cybersecurity Framework (public; nist.gov)
  • NACSA Act 854 — Cyber Security Act 2024, Malaysia (public Gazette)

Related Repositories

  • dawuds/cloud-sec — Cloud cybersecurity framework (CSA CCM v4, CIS Benchmarks, BNM RMiT Cloud)
  • dawuds/AI-Governance — Multi-framework AI governance reference (11 frameworks, Malaysia NGAIGE anchor)
  • dawuds/nacsa — NACSA Act 854 (Act 854) structured compliance database
  • dawuds/RMIT — BNM Risk Management in Technology (RMiT)
  • dawuds/pdpa-my — Malaysia PDPA Act 709 + Amendment A1727

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OT cybersecurity compliance explorer — IEC 62443, NIST SP 800-82, MITRE ATT&CK for ICS, NACSA Act 854 for NCII operators

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